**********webRTC**************

 WE USE WEBRTC FOR VIDEO COMMUNICATION.

WEBRTC - WEB REAL TIME COMMUNICATION

WHENEVER, WE NEED REAL TIME DATA, WE PREFER WEBRTC 

IT IS PRIMARILY BUILT ON UDP

IT IS BI - DIRECTIONAL . DATA CAN BE TRANSFERRED IN BOTH WAYS.


WITHOUT WEBRTC , WE WOULD HAVE TO USE SERVER SIDE COMMUNICATION. IN WHICH, CLIENT 1 WOULD SEND THE VIDEO TO SERVER, SERVER WOULD SEND THE VIDEO TO CLIENT 2.



WE USE SERVER SIDE COMMUNICATION , WHENEVER WE NEED DATA INTEGRITY, BUT BY USING THIS THERE MIGHT BE LAG (SLOW). HENCE WE USE WEBRTC.

BY USING , WEBRTC A CONNECTION IS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN CLIENT 1 AND CLIENT 2 THROUGH WHICH DATA CAN BE TRANSFERED.


IT WORKS ON 4 STAGES.

1. SIGNALLING    2. CONNECTING    3. SECURITY         4.COMMUNICATION


1. SIGNALLING

IN THIS PROCESS, WE HAVE A SIGNALLING SERVER THAT RUNS BY SDP.

SDP (SESSION DESCRIPTION PROTOCOL) :

IT IS A FORMAT USED TO DESCRIBE MULTI-MEDIA COMMUNICATION SESSIONS
- IT DESCRIBES THE TYPE OF MEDIA, NETWORKING INFORMATION (IP ADDRESS, PORT)

- IT ALLOWS TWO DEVICES TO NEGOTIATE , HOW THEY WILL SEND AND RECEIVE MEDIA.

THE SIGNALLING SERVER CONSISTS OF ALL INFORMATION ABOUT CLIENTS. INFO LIKE IP ADDRESS AND PORT NUMBER.

CLIENT A AND CLIENT B DON'T KNOW THE IP ADDRESS OF EACH OTHER INORDER TO ESTABLISH A CONNECTION.

THE SIGNALLING SERVER  PROVIDES THE CLIENTS A AND B WITH EACH OTHER'S IP ADDRESSES. SO THAT THEY CAN ESTABLISH A CONNECTION.


2. CONNECTING

NOW BOTH THE CLIENTS HAVE EACH OTHER'S IP ADDRESSES ,TO ESTABLISH CONNECTION WE USE ICE ( INTERACTIVE CONNECTIVITY ESTABLISHMENT) PROTOCOL.

TO FIND THE BEST PATH FOR MEDIA STREAMS TO TRAVEL BETWEEN CLIENTS.

3. SECURITY

HERE WE USE 2 PROTOCOLS, 

 a. DTLS      b. SRTP

DLTS:

DATAGRAM TRANSPORT LAYER SECURITY.

- AUTHENTICATES BOTH PEERS (CLIENTS)
- ENCRYPTS AND ENSURES PRIVACY AND INTEGRITY.

SRTP

SECURE REAL TIME TRANSPORT PROTOCOL

DTLS ENCRYPTS AND PROVIDE KEYS.

THESE KEYS ARE USED TO ENCRYPT/ DECRYPT THE ACTUAL MEDIA WITH SRTP.

USING THSE PROTOCOLS CONNECTION BETWEEN CLIENTS IS MADE SECURE.
- IT MAKES SURE THAT CLIENT A IS ONLY CONNECTED TO CLIENT B.

- ENCRYPTION AND DECRYPTION ARE USED TO MAKE A SECURE CONNECTION.
SECURITY CERTIFICATIONS ARE GIVEN TO DATA.


3.  COMMUNICATING

RTP AND SCTP ARE USED FOR COMMUNICATION AMONG THE CLIENTS.

REAL TIME TRANSPORT PROTOCOL:

USED TO DELIVER MEDIA STREAMS LIKE AUDIO AND VIDEO IN REAL TIME.

SCTP ( STREAM CONTROL TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL ) :

USED TO SEND DATA


WEBRTC AS A TECHNOLOGY IS AVAILABLE ON OUR BROWSERS IN THE FORM OF API'S .

SOME OF THE API'S INCLUDE

1. MEDIA STREAM  -  FOR CAPTURING VIDEO

2. RTC PER CONNECTION
                                                          - TO ESTABLISH CONNECTION
3. RTC DATA CHANNEL  
















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