SOCKETS AND PROTOCOLS

 SOCKETS:

A SOCKET CAN BE DEFINED AS ONE END OF A CONNECTION.


- WHENEVER, WE SAY CLIENT AND SERVER ARE CONNECTED, IT MEANS THAT THEIR ENDPOINTS ARE CONNECTED.

- ENDPOINT IS A COMBINATION OF IP ADDRESS AND PORT NUMBER.

FOR EXAMPLE, IN OUR LAPTOP WE USED TO SEND REQUESTS TO LOCAL HOST :3000

HERE LOCALHOST IN OUR LAPTOP HAS A SPECIFIC IP ADDRESS AND 3000 IS THE PORT NUMBER.

A SOCKET CAN BE DEFINED AS A SPECIFIC END POINT THROUGH  WHICH TWO MACHINES ESTABLISH CONNECTION. A MACHINE CAN HAVE MULTIPLE CONNECTIONS.


PROTOCOLS:

PROTOCOLS ARE THE COMMUNICATION RULES.

THE RULES MAY INCLUDE THE FORMAT IN WHICH THE REQUESTS AND RESPONSES ARE SENT IN THE COMMUNICATION CHANNEL.

FOR EXAMPLE, WHILE USING API, WE SEND REQUEST AND THE API GIVES A RESPONSE. THE REQUESTS AND RESPONSES ARE SENT IN A CERTAIN FORMAT.

WHEN THE DATA IS TRANSFERRED FROM ONE SYSTEM TO ANOTHER, THE DATA TRAVELS IN THE FORM OF PACKETS.

THE RULES DEFINE THE NUMBER OF PACKETS, THE SIZE OF PACKETS ... THAT ARE TO BE COMMUNICATED.

THESE TYPES OF RULES ARE CALLED AS PROTOCOLS.

TWO TYPES:

1. TCP - TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL

WHENEVER , WE BROWSE THE INTERNET OR UPLOADING A DOC IN GOOGLE DRIVE, TCP RULES ARE FOLLOWED.

THESE PROTOCOLS ENSURES DATA INTEGRITY , THEY ARE RELIABLE

THEY ARE SLOW WHEN COMPARED TO UDP.

EX:  

IN THE CASE OF UPLOADING A DOC IN GOOGLE DRIVE, WE WANT DATA INTEGRITY THAT IS THE DATA HAS TO BE SENT SECURELY, EVEN IF THE PROCESS OF UPLOADING IS TIME TAKING WE DON'T WANT THE DATA TO BE LOST.


2. UDP - USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL

THESE PROTOCOLS ARE FASTER AND LESS RELIABLE.

HERE THE TRANSFER OF DATA IS FAST , BUT DATA MIGHT BE LOST.

EX:

IN THE CASE OF VIDEO CALLS , THE VIDEO IS TRANSFERED IN THE FORM OF FRAMES.

THESE VIDEO FRAMES TRAVEL FROM ONE MACHINE TO ANOTHER IN THE FORM OF PACKETS.

THESE FRAMES ARE DISPLAYED PER EACH MILLI SECONDS MEANS THAT FOR EACH MILLI - SECOND A PARTICULAR FRAME WILL BE DISPLAYED.

HERE , IN THE CASE OF VIDEO CALLS EVEN IF SOME OF THE FRAMES ARE MISSED IT DOESNOT MATTER MUCH.

BUT , THE VIDEO HAS TO BE FAST (NO LAG) 

FINALLY,

TCP- CONNECTION BASED

UDP - CONNECTION LESS 







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